突发性耳聋病因复杂，发病机制尚未完全明确。受血迷路屏障等结构限制，西医治疗目前仍缺乏有效可靠的方法。针刺作为中医特色疗法，具有治疗方式多样、疗效良好、安全性高等优势。针刺可能通过改善内耳血流、调节血管内皮功能、抑制细胞凋亡等途径改善内耳微环境，同时调节听觉皮层及相关脑区的神经活动，促进神经网络重塑，从而有助于听力恢复。然而，目前针对针刺治疗本病的高质量临床研究仍较有限，今后需开展大样本、设计严谨的随机对照试验，并进一步系统、深入地探索其作用机制，为临床提供更充分的科学依据。

Sudden deafness (SD), also known as sudden sensorineural hearing loss, has a complex and multifactorial etiology, and its underlying pathogenesis remains not fully elucidated. Restricted by anatomical structures such as the blood-labyrinth barrier, Western medical treatments still lack efficient and reliable therapeutic strategies for SD. As a characteristic therapy of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture boasts advantages including diverse treatment modalities, favorable clinical efficacy, and high safety profile. Accumulating studies have indicated that acupuncture may improve the inner ear microenvironment by regulating multiple pathways, such as enhancing inner ear blood perfusion, modulating vascular endothelial cell function, and inhibiting neuronal and cochlear hair cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, it can regulate neural activities in the auditory cortex and associated brain regions, promote the remodeling of auditory neural networks, and thereby facilitate hearing recovery. However, high-quality clinical studies on acupuncture for SD remain relatively scarce, with limitations such as small sample sizes and inconsistent acupuncture protocols. In the future, large-sample, rigorously designed randomized controlled trials should be conducted, and the multi-dimensional mechanisms of acupuncture should be further explored systematically and in-depth. This work aims to provide more sufficient scientific evidence for the clinical application of acupuncture in treating SD.