针灸疗法因其具有疗效显著、安全性高且不良反应少等特点，在神经系统疾病的临床治疗中日益受到广泛关注与重视。近10年来，针灸治疗神经系统疾病的研究范式，已从普适性疗效验证转向效应规律与作用机制的深入探索，并在此基础上持续向更深层次推进。针灸在脑卒中、帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病等主要神经系统疾病中已得到广泛应用，且其作用机制研究亦取得一定进展，研究发现针灸通过多靶点、整体性调节，在改善运动功能障碍、认知损害及神经修复方面展现出独特优势，尤其在脑卒中后康复、原发性失眠等领域已积累大量充分且可靠的循证医学证据。然而，针灸治疗方案在推进规范化与标准化的同时，需充分兼顾患者的个体差异。目前，针对该疗法的高质量循证医学研究仍相对匮乏，其复杂的神经生理学作用机制亟待深入阐释。综述近10年针灸治疗神经系统疾病的临床研究进展，旨为针灸疗法在神经系统疾病临床诊疗中的规范化应用提供更具实践指导价值的参考依据。

Acupuncture therapy has garnered growing attention and recognition in the clinical management of neurological disorders, attributed to its notable efficacy, favorable safety profile, and minimal adverse reactions. Over the past decade, the research paradigm of acupuncture for neurological diseases has shifted from verifying universal therapeutic effects to in-depth exploration of its action rules and underlying mechanisms, with continuous advancements toward a more profound understanding. Acupuncture has been extensively applied in major neurological conditions such as stroke, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease—two common neurodegenerative disorders—and substantial progress has been achieved in elucidating its mechanisms of action. Studies have demonstrated that acupuncture exerts unique advantages in improving motor dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and neural repair through multi-targeted, holistic regulation, with abundant and reliable evidence-based medical evidence accumulated particularly in post-stroke rehabilitation and primary insomnia. However, while advancing the standardization and normalization of acupuncture protocols, full consideration must be given to individual patient differences (e.g., age, disease stage, and constitution). Currently, high-quality evidence-based research on this therapy remains relatively insufficient, and its complex neurophysiological mechanisms urgently await further in-depth interpretation. This review summarizes the clinical research progress of acupuncture in treating neurological diseases over the past decade, aiming to provide a more practically instructive reference for the standardized application of acupuncture in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders.