高血压的发病机制尚未完全阐明，近年来研究显示肠道菌群与高血压发生、发展密切相关。该文以肠道菌群为切入点，总结有关中药单体、复方及针灸等通过调控肠道菌群以拮抗高血压及其危险因素的研究，阐述了中医药可能是通过影响某些特定菌种的数量、或提高益生菌丰度、或改变肠道菌群代谢物数量等多种途径干预高血压及并发症，这为中医药防治高血压及危险因素提供更多的理论依据。未来中医药改善肠道微生态失衡可能成为高血压防治的新靶点。

The pathogenesis of hypertension has not been completely revealed. Recent studies have shown that the imbalance of gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of hypertension. Research progress of Chinese medicine monomers, Chinese medicine compounds and acupuncture in antagonizing hypertension and its risk factors was summarized with a focus on gut microbiota. It is expounded that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)may treat hypertension and its risk factors by adjusting the abundance of some gut microbiota, improving abundance of probiotics or changing the levels of fermentation metabolites of gut microbiota(short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine N-oxide, etc.). This provides more theoretical basis for TCM prevention and treatment of hypertension and its risk factors. Adjusting the imbalance of gut microbiota with TCM may be a new way to treat hypertension in the future.