神经系统自身免疫性疾病是以自体免疫细胞和免疫因子等攻击神经系统为主要发病机制的自身免疫病。发生在中枢神经系统和周围神经系统，分别以多发性硬化和格林-巴利综合征为主要代表。二者皆属于中医学"痿证"范畴，均有肢体活动功能障碍的临床表现。针刺通过作用于神经-内分泌-免疫网络系统以调节机体的免疫功能，同时改善神经功能缺损症状、促进髓鞘再生修复和肢体运动功能的恢复。通过总结近年来针刺治疗多发性硬化和格林-巴利综合征的临床研究，以期为针刺治疗神经系统自身免疫性疾病提供更好的临床循证依据。

Autoimmune diseases of the nervous system are those with the main pathogenesis in which autoimmune cells and immune factors attack the nervous system.They occur in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, respectively, with multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome as the main representatives. These two diseases both belong to the category of " failure syndrome" in traditional Chinese medicine, and both have clinical manifestations of physical dysfunction. Acupuncture regulates the body′s immune function by acting on the nerve-endocrine-immune network system, while improving the symptoms of neurological deficits, promoting the regeneration and repair of myelin sheaths and the recovery of limb motor function.This article summarizes recent clinical studies on the treatment of multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barré syndrome with acupuncture, in order to provide a better clinical evidence-based basis for acupuncture treatment of autoimmune diseases of the nervous system.