目的

探讨针刺补虚与泻实法对快速老化痴呆小鼠（senescence accelerated mouseprone/8，SAMP8）学习记忆能力的影响。

方法

选取36 只SAMP8 老化鼠，随机分为模型组、补虚组和泻实组，补虚组选取双侧三阴交、足三里穴施捻转补法针刺，泻实组选取人中穴施雀啄手法、双侧内关穴施捻转泻法针刺，1 次/d，共15 d； 选取12 只抗快速老化小鼠（senescence accelerated mouseresistance/1，SAMR1）作为对照组。采用Morris 水迷宫方法，连续记录5 d 的逃避潜伏期、第1 次穿越平台时间和游泳平均速度隐蔽平台实验数据符合球形检验，采用双因素方差分析统计，P＜0.05 为差异有统计学意义。

结果

经球形检验分析，5 次重复测量的数据存在高度相关性（F=33.277，P＜0.01），且组别和时间具有交互作用（F=2.943，P＜0.01）逃避潜伏期：5 d 来，SAMR1 对照组显著缩短，而SAMP8 模型组虽然也有变化，但改善不明显，两组分别由第1 天的（62.19±17.66）s、（81.81±11.11）s（F=5.209，P＜0.01）下降至第5 天的（27.52±18.60）s、（72.63±17.09）s（F=10.993，P＜0.01），差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；针刺补虚组与泻实组分别在第4 和2 天发挥疗效，而且均在第5 天数值明显变化，分别为（47.34±24.60）s、（43.12±16.87）s，优于SAMP8 模型组，且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），虽未达到SAMR1 对照组水平，但差异并无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 第1 次穿越平台时间：SAMP8 模型组、SAMR1 对照组第1 和第5 天的结果分别为（75.20±13.15）s、（50.17±19.17）s（F=5.559，P＜0.01）和（59.88±19.11）s、（21.88±18.45）s（F=8.494，P＜0.01），组间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；针刺补虚组、针刺泻实组进行实验的前4 d 改善不明显，第5 天的结果分别为（34.05±22.72）s、（31.32±16.48）s，明显优于SAMP8 模型组，且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。 各组游泳平均速度比较差异无统计学意义。

结论

SAMP8 存在明显的学习记忆障碍，针刺补虚法与泻实法均可改善SAMP8 小鼠的学习记忆能力，并具有针刺的蓄积性作用以及针刺方法的疗效特异性。

Objective

To investigate the effects of the SUPPLEMENT DEFICIENCY AND REDUCING EXCESS method of acupuncture on the learning and memory ability in senescence-accelerated mouse prone/8（SAMP8）.

Methods

A total of 36 SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into three groups including model group，SUPPLEMENT DEFICIENCY group and REDUCING EXCESS group. The bilateral sides of SP6 and ST36 were selected for twirling supplementation needling method in SUPPLEMENT DEFICIENCY group，once a day for 15 days. The DU26 was selected with bird-pecking needling method and bilateral PC6 were selected with twirling draining needling method in REDUCING EXCESS group.Twelve SAMP8 mice were selected as control group. Morris water maze was used to perform the learning and memory ability in three groups of mice. The two-way ANOVA test was used to compare the data in this study. A value of P＜0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The analysis of sphericity test showed that there was a high correlation between 5 times of repeated measures data（F=33.277，P＜0.01），and there was a time-by-group interation （F=2.943，P ＜0.01）. There was significantly reduced escape latency in control group（62.19±17.66）s and（27.52±18.60）s，and there was a reduce in model group（81.81±11.11）s and（72.63±17.09）s but there was no significance（P＜0.01）. The therapeutic effectiveness was found on the day-4 in SUPPLEMENT DEFICIENCY group and on the day-2 in REDUCING EXCESS group，which was the most significant on the day-5 （47.34±24.60）s and （43.12±16.87）s compared with that of model group（P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference in the therapeutic effectiveness between SUPPLEMENT DEFICIENCY and REDUCING EXCESS groups and control group（P＞0.05）. There were significant differences in escape latencies on day-1 and day-5 between model group（75.20±13.15）s and（50.17±19.17）s，（F=5.559，P＜0.01）and control group（59.88±19.1）s and（21.88±18.45）s，（F=8.494，P＜0.01）. There was no significant improvement in escape latency on the day-4 in SUPPLEMENT DEFICIENCY group and REDUCING EXCESS group，which was significantly better on the day-5 than that of model group（P＜0.05）. There were no significant differences in the mean values of swimming speed between four groups.

Conclusion

SAMP8 mice have significant learning and memory impairment. Both SUPPLEMENT DEFICIENCY and REDUCING EXCESS methods of acupuncture can improve the learning and memory impairment in SAMP8 mice，which have accumulation effect of acupuncture and the specific efficacy of acupuncture.