随着现代人生活方式的改变，颈椎病越来越多地影响到人们的工作、生活及学习等各方面，因而引起人们诸多关注。在通过疾病管理控制以降低颈椎病发病的思想趋势下，对近15年国内医学期刊上有关颈椎病危险因素的文献进行研究，分别从年龄、性别、职业、习惯、环境、颈部感染外伤、心理及椎体发育等方面进行总结概括，探讨不同危险因素与颈椎病发病的相关性，以期为颈椎病多因素研究、临床治疗及防治策略提供参考建议和思路。

With the change of people′s life style, cervical spondylosis has more and more influence on people′s work, life and study, and it has attracted people′s attention. With the ideological trend of reducing the incidence of cervical spondylosis through disease management, this article reviewed the literature on risk factors of cervical spondylosisin domestic medical journals of recent 15 years, and summarized them respectively from the aspects of age, gender, occupation, habit, environment, neck disease, psychology and vertebral development, in order to provide some suggestions and ideas formulti-factors study, clinical treatment and prevention strategy of cervical spondylosis.