Stroke is one of a leading global cause of disability and mortality, with approximately one-third of survivors experiencing residual aphasia. Acupuncture therapy has shown unique advantages in improving such language function dysfunction. Its pathophysiological mechanisms involve the dual effects of structural and functional brain damage and neuroinflammatory responses.The introduction of multi-omics technologies provides a systematic research tool for mechanism studies: proteomics can identify key differential proteins in neural remodeling, metabolomics can regulate the body's metabolic network, and multimodal neuroimaging omics can reveal the regulatory effects of acupuncture on brain function from multiple dimensions. Future research should focus on three directions: conducting multi-center clinical trials to verify the stability of therapeutic effects; deeply integrating multi-omics data with artificial intelligence to construct mechanism prediction models; and developing biomarker-based personalized treatments and multi-therapy synergistic schemes to promote clinical translation and application.