Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a common hemorrhagic disease. In modern medicine, the application of high doses of gamma globulin, cyclosporine A, plasma exchange and other methods in the treatment achieved a certain effect. However, there are many problems such as big side effects, high cost, poor long-term efficacy, etc. Conversely, traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of this disease has better long-term curative effects and fewer side effects. In this paper, we have reviewed the literature of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of ITP in recent years, discussing the latest research progress in the etiology and pathogenesis, classification treatment, specific prescriptions and medicine, and combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine treating ITP, and expounding the reliable curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of such disease, and the possibility of reducing many side effects caused by the treatment with pure western medicine.